During pregnancy, the body produces approximately 50% more blood and body fluids to meet the needs of the developing baby. Swelling is a normal part of pregnancy that is caused by this additional blood and fluid. Edema/swelling is experienced in the hands, face, legs, ankles, and feet.
This extra retention of fluid is needed to soften the body, which enables it to expand as the baby develops. Extra fluid also helps prepare the pelvic joints and tissues to open for delivery. The extra fluids account for approximately 25% of the weight women gain during pregnancy.
When Does Swelling Occur During Pregnancy?
Swelling may be experienced at any point during pregnancy, but it tends to be noticed around the fifth month and can increase while you are in the third trimester.
The following factors may affect swelling:
- Summertime heat
- Standing for long periods of time
- Long days of activity
- Diet low in potassium
- High level of caffeine consumption
- High level of sodium intake
Slight swelling is expected during pregnancy; however, if you experience sudden swelling in your hands and your face, it could be a sign of preeclampsia. It is important to contact your health care provider about any sudden swelling.
What Can You Do To Treat Swelling During Pregnancy?
Swelling may be reduced by eating foods that are high in potassium, such as bananas, and by avoiding caffeine.
Here are some other helpful hints to manage swelling during your pregnancy:
- Avoid standing for long periods.
- Minimize outdoor time when it is hot.
- Rest with your feet elevated.
- Wear comfortable shoes, avoiding high heels if possible.
- Wear supportive tights or stockings.
- Avoid clothes that are tight around your wrists or ankles.
- Rest or swim in a pool.
- Use cold compresses on swollen areas.
- Drink water, which helps flush the body and reduce water retention.
- Minimize sodium (salt) intake and avoid adding additional salt to meals.